Like I've already touched on, you can find out how many moles of molecules are in a sample or how many grams that sample weighs by the use of these two tables:
x grams (sample) | 1 mole
------------------------------------------------------ = # of moles
| y grams (molar mass)
---------------------------------------------------- = # of grams
| 1 mole (molar mass)
Sometimes, the unit isn't grams, but milligrams, or perhaps micrograms. Some simple conversions can help with that inconvenience. For example, 1000 milligrams = 1 gram. It's very important to have all your masses in the same units before you try to find moles or grams.
Problems:
2.) Why might a 200 mg tablet of aspirin not have the same effect as a 200 mg tablet of ibuprofen? They are two different medications and their dosages may be different depending on how old the person taking the medication is.
5.) Which has more moles of oxygen atoms, 153 g of BaO or 169 g of BaO2? BaO2 has more moles of oxygen atoms because the number of moles is always equivalent to the value of the subscript. Since there are two atoms of oxygen in BaO2 vs. only one atom in BaO, BaO2 has two moles of oxygen.
Lesson 12:
This lesson talked about how the LD50 doesn't take into consideration the long-term effects of certain toxins. If a substance's molar mass is large, it takes less of that substance to achieve a lethal does. If it has a small mass, it takes more of it. Even if it takes less to poison one with a substance, it doesn't necessarily negate the fact that there can be pretty nasty side effects. For example, an easily-achieved overdose, if it fails, can leave one with severe liver damage, ulcers, and perhaps even neurological damage.
Problems:
2.) What evidence shows that it would be difficult to exceed the lethal dose of aspartame? The LD50 for aspartame is 10 g/kg. Depending on how much aspartame is used in a can of soda, or any other artificially-sweetened drink, it takes a long time to drink a ton of diet soda. You will not achieve a lethal dose of aspartame in a short time.
4.) The LD50 for saccharin, C7H5NO3S, is 14.2 g/kg. If you have 1 mole of aspartame and 1 mole of saccharin, which would be more toxic? Show your work. The LD50 for aspartame is 10g/kg, which is less than the LD50 for saccharin. It's easy to look at those two numbers and decide that aspartame is the more toxic of the two, because it takes less of it to both sweeten a drink, or poison someone.
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